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In nonstandard analysis, a branch of mathematics, overspill (referred to as overflow by Goldblatt (1998, p. 129)) is a widely used proof technique. It is based on the fact that the set of standard natural numbers N is not an internal subset of the internal set *N of hypernatural numbers.
By applying the induction principle for the standard integers N and the transfer principle we get the principle of internal induction:
For any internal subset A of *N, if
then
If N were an internal set, then instantiating the internal induction principle with N, it would follow N = *N which is known not to be the case.
The overspill principle has a number of useful consequences:
In particular: